Billionaire Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen has announced the discovery of yet another historic World War II vessel.
The USS Juneau – the Navy’s storied Atlanta-class light cruiser – was found recently by the expedition crew of Research Vessel Petrel. The ship was resting on the ocean floor off the Solomon Islands, more than two miles below the surface.
The Juneau became a symbol of wartime sacrifice after it was sunk by a Japanese torpedo during the Battle of Guadalcanal in 1942. Nearly 690 sailors – including five Iowa brothers known as “The Sullivans” – went down with the ship.
Two Navy ships, including an active guided-missile destroyer, have been named in the brothers’ honor.
The ship was first identified Saturday by the R/V Petrel’s autonomous underwater vehicle, according to a statement from Paul Allen. The crew deployed its remotely operated underwater vehicle the next day and recorded the first images of the wreckage.
“We certainly didn’t plan to find the Juneau on St. Patrick’s Day. The variables of these searches are just too great,” Robert Kraft, director of subsea operations for Paul Allen, said in the statement. “But finding the USS Juneau on Saint Patrick’s Day is an unexpected coincidence to the Sullivan brothers and all the service members who were lost 76 years ago.”
Naval Surface Forces commander Vice Adm. Rich Brown, who once helmed the USS The Sullivans, said he was excited to hear that Allen’s team was able to find the cruiser.
“The story of the USS Juneau crew and Sullivan brothers epitomize the service and sacrifice of our nation’s greatest generation,” he said in the statement.
Short service history
The Juneau was commissioned on Feb. 14, 1942, only about nine months prior to its sinking, according to the Navy. After a short spring patrol of the Atlantic coast, it was sent on a blockade patrol of the Martinique and Guadeloupe islands to prevent the escape of Vichy French naval units. The ship then returned to New York “to complete alterations.”
The cruiser operated in the North Atlantic and Caribbean from June through August on patrol and escort duties. It was then dispatched to the Pacific where it participated in several battles and combat actions, including the decisive Battle of Santa Cruz Island on Oct. 26.
On Nov. 8, 1942, the Juneau departed Noumea, New Caledonia, to escort reinforcements to Guadalcanal under Rear Adm. R. K. Turner’s Task Force 67, the Navy said. They arrived on the morning of Nov. 12, and the Juneau took up its position as a protective screen for the transports and cargo vessels.
Unloading took place without incident until just after 2 p.m., when 30 Japanese planes attacked. The Juneau alone shot down six enemy torpedo bombers.
After reports came in that a large Japanese force was headed for the island, an American attack group of cruisers and destroyers left Guadalcanal to engage the 18 to 20 Japanese vessels, including 2 battleships, the Navy said. Though outnumbered and outgunned, the group fought valiantly. The Juneau teamed with the USS Atlanta to sink an enemy destroyer “as the two forces slugged it out at close range.”
But the Juneau’s port side was hit by a torpedo, forcing it to withdraw just before noon on Nov. 13, the Navy said. A Japanese submarine launched three torpedoes as the Juneau limped alongside the severely damaged USS San Francisco. The Juneau avoided two of the bombs but was struck by the third.
“There was a terrific explosion; Juneau broke in two and disappeared in 20 seconds,” the Navy said. “The gallant ship with Captain [Lyman] Swenson and most of her crew, including the five Sullivan brothers, was lost.”
The American task force did not stay to check for survivors, the Navy said. They fled the scene because of the risk of further Japanese attacks and due to the Juneau’s abrupt sinking, leaving as many as 115 crew in the water, including as many as two of the Sullivan brothers.
They would not return for several days. Only 10 members of the crew were rescued from the water eight days after the sinking.
The Juneau received four battle stars for its World War II service.
‘Keep us together’
The Sullivan brothers – Albert, Francis, George, Joseph and Madison – entered World War II soon after a friend was killed on the USS Arizona during the Pearl Harbor attack on Dec. 7, 1941, the Navy said. They enlisted on the day after Christmas, requesting to be stationed together.
“As a bunch, there is no-body that can beat us,” George Sullivan wrote in a letter asking that they not be separated. “We would appreciate it very much if you could, if possible keep us together.”
The Navy granted that request and sent all five brothers to the Juneau. They were present for the cruiser’s commissioning at Brooklyn Navy Yard, where they were touted as an example of patriotism in a country now mobilizing for war. The Navy took an iconic photo of the five brothers holding one of the ship’s hatches during the ceremony.
After their deaths, their mother, Alleta, continued to support the war effort and the Sullivan family became synonymous with sacrifice, the Navy said. President Franklin D. Roosevelt sent the family a personal letter expressing his sorrow and the nation’s deepest sympathies.
Since deploying in 2017, the Petrel has made several discoveries of military ships, including wreckage from the USS Ward, which fired the first shot of World War II at Pearl Harbor. In August, it found the USS Indianapolis, which delivered parts for the first atomic bomb ever used in combat.
Earlier this month, the crew discovered the USS Lexington, the first aircraft carrier sunk during WWII. The wreckage rested about 500 miles off the eastern coast of Australia and about two miles below the water’s surface.
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